Computer learning and the English language

I find these two subjects extremely fascinating, so I’m conducting my own little research project that employs computer learning to process documents. At the very least I would like it to enforce static grammar rules, but the real goal is to get it to the point where it can pick up nuances in an author's work and offer more useful suggestions.

The motivation here is my grammer is not great and the tools I use on a daily basis just fail me. So the developer in me says, “Let's fix this!” I have a short story I’ve been working on which will be my test case (or at least will be the seed data for my project). But first I need to get basic word recognition and processing up and running.